Philosophical lineage

The published philosophy and history that Universal Panpsychism builds on. These articles describe mainstream scholarship and say where the framework goes beyond it.

Panpsychism Established scholarship

The view in philosophy of mind that mentality is a fundamental and widespread feature of the natural world.
Cosmopsychism Established scholarship

The view that the universe as a whole is conscious and is more fundamental than the individual minds within it.
Universalism Established scholarship

The teaching that all souls are ultimately reconciled with their divine source, and how Universal Panpsychism adapts it.
The hard problem of consciousness Established scholarship

The question of why physical processes in the brain are accompanied by subjective experience at all.
Spinoza, Leibniz, and William James Established scholarship

Three earlier philosophers whose ideas about mind and nature anticipate parts of Universal Panpsychism.
Strawson and Goff Established scholarship

Galen Strawson and Philip Goff, the two philosophers most associated with the current revival of panpsychism.